A $400 pack with the wrong torso length feels worse than a $150 pack that fits. REI's data from 200,000+ fittings annually shows 60% of customers come in wearing the wrong size.
How to Measure Torso Length
Find your C7 vertebra (bony bump at base of neck when you tilt head forward)
Find your iliac crest (hands on hips, thumbs pointing back โ where thumbs meet spine)
Measure the distance along your spine. That's your torso length.
80/20 Rule of Load Distribution
A properly fitted pack puts 80% weight on hips, 20% on shoulders. If shoulders bear most weight: wrong fit, wrong hip belt position, or unadjusted load lifters.
Have someone measure from the bony bump at the base of your neck (C7 vertebra) to the top of your hip bones (iliac crest). This torso length determines your pack size: XS (under 15.5"), S (15.5-17.5"), M (17.5-19.5"), L (19.5-21.5"), XL (21.5"+). Don't guess โ measure.
Sources & Further Reading
Reviewed May 29, 2026. Source notes emphasize safety, fit, standards, and outdoor-use references behind this guide's recommendations.
What backpack size do I need for overnight hiking?
Day hike: 15-25L. Overnight (1 night): 30-50L. Weekend (2-3 nights): 40-60L. Extended trip (4+ nights): 60-80L. Ultralight backpackers can go smaller at each range. These assume three-season conditions; winter gear requires 10-20L more.
Should the hip belt or shoulders carry most of the weight?
The hip belt should carry 60-80% of the pack weight. Shoulder straps stabilize the load; they shouldn't bear the primary weight. If your shoulders are sore after hiking, tighten the hip belt and loosen the shoulder straps. A properly fitted pack feels lighter than it weighs.